HORMONES
1895
Epinephrine (Adrenaline)
The first hormone to be isolated. The term “endocrine”, which refers to the secretory product of “ductless glands” coined by E.A Sharpey-Schafer and George Oliver
1902
Secretin
Secretin isolated from the duodenum.
1914
Thyroxine
Edward Kendall isolated thyroxine in crystalline form
1920
Human Growth Hormone
Herbert Evans and Joseph Long discover growth hormone.
1925
Parathyroid Hormone
James Collip isolates parathyroid hormone
1928
Gonadotropins (Prolan A and B)
Bernhard Zondek and Selmar Ascheim isolate gonadotropins
1929
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
Estrogen
Bernhard Zondek and Selmar Ascheim isolate LH and FSH. Stricker and Grueter isolate prolactin. Aron, Loeb, and Basset describe the action of TSH.
1933
Prolactin
Oscar Riddle et al identified and isolated prolactin (mammotropin).
1934
Progesterone
Butenandt isolates progesterone
1935
Testosterone
Ernst Laqueur isolates testosterone
1935
Cortisone (Compound E)
Edward Kendall isolates cortisone (an adrenal steroid)
1940 and 1942
LH and ACTH
Choh Hao Li isolates LH in 1940. Chao Hao Li and Sayers isolate ACTH
1949
FSH
Choh Hao Li and Evans isolate FSH
1953
Oxytocin
Vincent du Vigneaud synthesizes oxytocin
1963
Calcitonin
Hirsch discovers calcitonin
1975
Beta-Endorphin
Bradbury, Smyth, and Snell isolate beta-endorphin.
NOBEL PRIZES
1923
Frederick Banting and John Mcleod
Frederick Banting and John Mcleod were both awarded with the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. They demonstrated the glucose lowering effects of insulin two years earlier.
1939
Adolf Butenandt
Nobel Prize in Chemistry (isolation of progesterone and research on sex hormones).
1947
Bernardo Houssay
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (for his discovery of the part played by the anterior pituitary hormone involved in glucose metabolism. Description of the “Houssay phenomenon”)
1950
Edward Kendall
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (for his discovery of cortisone)
1955
Vincent du Vigneaud
Nobel Prize in Chemistry (being the first to synthesize a peptide hormone — oxytocin)
1970
Luis Frederico Leloir
Nobel Prize in Chemistry (biosynthesis of carbohydrates)
1971
Earl Wilbur Sutherland Jr.
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (discovery of the mechanisms of action of hormones)
2010
Robert Edwards
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (development of the artificial insemination – in vitro fertilization)
2012
Robert Lefkowitz and Brian Kobilka
Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Extensive research of G-protein-coupled receptors)
